Editing IPCC:AR6/SR15/SPM (section)

== Footnotes ==

# <span id="fn:1">Decision 1/CP.21, paragraph 21.</span>
# <span id="fn:2">The assessment covers literature accepted for publication by 15 May 2018.</span>
# <span id="fn:3">Each finding is grounded in an evaluation of underlying evidence and agreement. A level of confidence is expressed using five qualifiers: very low, low, medium, high and very high, and typeset in italics, for example, medium confidence. The following terms have been used to indicate the assessed likelihood of an outcome or a result: virtually certain 99–100% probability, very likely 90–100%, likely 66–100%, about as likely as not 33–66%, unlikely 0–33%, very unlikely 0–10%, exceptionally unlikely 0–1%. Additional terms (extremely likely 95–100%, more likely than not &gt;50–100%, more unlikely than likely 0–&lt;50%, extremely unlikely 0–5%) may also be used when appropriate. Assessed likelihood is typeset in italics, for example, very likely. This is consistent with AR5.</span>
# <span id="fn:4"> See also Box SPM.1: Core Concepts Central to this Special Report.</span>
# <span id="fn:5">Present level of global warming is defined as the average of a 30-year period centred on 2017 assuming the recent rate of warming continues.</span>
# <span id="fn:6">This range spans the four available peer-reviewed estimates of the observed GMST change and also accounts for additional uncertainty due to possible short-term natural variability. {1.2.1, Table 1.1}</span>
# <span id="fn:7">Robust is here used to mean that at least two thirds of climate models show the same sign of changes at the grid point scale, and that differences in large regions are statistically significant.</span>
# <span id="fn:8">Projected changes in impacts between different levels of global warming are determined with respect to changes in global mean surface air temperature.</span>
# <span id="fn:9">Projected changes in impacts between different levels of global warming are determined with respect to changes in global mean surface air temperature.</span>
# <span id="fn:10">Consistent with earlier studies, illustrative numbers were adopted from one recent meta-study.</span>
# <span id="fn:11">Here, impacts on economic growth refer to changes in gross domestic product (GDP). Many impacts, such as loss of human lives, cultural heritage and ecosystem services, are difficult to value and monetize.</span>
# <span id="fn:12">References to pathways limiting global warming to 2 <sup>°</sup> C are based on a 66% probability of staying below 2 <sup>°</sup> C.</span>
# <span id="fn:13">Non-CO <sub>2</sub> emissions included in this Report are all anthropogenic emissions other than CO <sub>2</sub> that result in radiative forcing. These include short-lived climate forcers, such as methane, some fluorinated gases, ozone precursors, aerosols or aerosol precursors, such as black carbon and sulphur dioxide, respectively, as well as long-lived greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide or some fluorinated gases. The radiative forcing associated with non-CO <sub>2</sub> emissions and changes in surface albedo is referred to as non-CO <sub>2</sub> radiative forcing. {2.2.1}</span>
# <span id="fn:14">There is a clear scientific basis for a total carbon budget consistent with limiting global warming to 1.5°C. However, neither this total carbon budget nor the fraction of this budget taken up by past emissions were assessed in this Report.</span>
# <span id="fn:15">Irrespective of the measure of global temperature used, updated understanding and further advances in methods have led to an increase in the estimated remaining carbon budget of about 300 GtCO <sub>2</sub> compared to AR5. ( ''medium confidence'' ) {2.2.2}</span>
# <span id="fn:16">These estimates use observed GMST to 2006–2015 and estimate future temperature changes using near surface air temperatures.</span>
# <span id="fn:17">The projected land-use changes presented are not deployed to their upper limits simultaneously in a single pathway.</span>
# <span id="fn:18">Including two pathways limiting warming to 1.5°C with no or limited overshoot and four pathways with higher overshoot.</span>
# <span id="fn:19">GHG emissions have been aggregated with 100-year GWP values as introduced in the IPCC Second Assessment Report.</span>
# <span id="fn:20">Past IPCC reports, reflecting the literature, have used a variety of approximately equivalent metrics of GMST change.    </span>

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