Editing IPCC:AR6/WGI/Chapter-12 (section)

==== 12.3.2.5 Aridity ====

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Aridity indices may track long-term changes in precipitation, evapotranspiration demand, surface water, groundwater or soil moisture ( [[#Sherwood--2014|Sherwood and Fu, 2014]] ; [[#Herrera-Pantoja--2015|Herrera-Pantoja and Hiscock, 2015]] ; B.I. [[#Cook--2020|]] [[#Cook--2020|Cook et al., 2020]] ). Changes in soil moisture and surface water can shift the rate of carbon uptake by ecosystems ( [[#Humphrey--2018|Humphrey et al., 2018]] ) and alter suitable climate zones for wild species and agricultural cultivation ( [[#Feng--2013|Feng and Fu, 2013]] ; [[#Garcia--2014|Garcia et al., 2014]] ; [[#Huang--2016a|Huang et al., 2016a]] ; [[#Schlaepfer--2017|Schlaepfer et al., 2017]] ; [[#Fatemi--2018|Fatemi et al., 2018]] ; [[#IPCC--2019c|IPCC, 2019c]] ) as well as the prevalence of related pests and pathogen-carrying vectors ( [[#Paritsis--2011|Paritsis and Veblen, 2011]] ; [[#Smith--2020|Smith et al., 2020]] ). Water table depth, in relation to rooting depth, is also important for farms and forests under dry conditions ( [[#Feng--2006|Feng et al., 2006]] ). A reduction in water availability (via aridity or hydrological drought) challenges water supplies needed for for municipal, industrial, agriculture and hydropower use ( [[#Schaeffer--2012|Schaeffer et al., 2012]] ; [[#Arnell--2014|Arnell and Lloyd-Hughes, 2014]] ; [[#Schewe--2014|Schewe et al., 2014]] ; [[#Gosling--2016|Gosling and Arnell, 2016]] ; [[#van%20Vliet--2016|van Vliet et al., 2016]] ).

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