Editing IPCC:AR6/WGII/Chapter-9 (section)

===== 9.10.3.4.2 Adaptation to reduce diarrhoeal disease =====

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Reducing pathogen concentrations in water and across food chains is fundamental for controlling diarrhoeal diseases ( [[#van%20den%20Berg--2019|van den Berg et al., 2019]] ). Diarrhoea prevention and treatment post-disaster, encompass social mobilisation campaigns, water treatment, enhanced surveillance, and vaccination and treatment centres for cholera ( [[#Cambaza--2019|Cambaza et al., 2019]] ) and typhoid ( [[#Neuzil--2019|Neuzil et al., 2019]] ).

Improved WASH requires robust water and sanitation infrastructure ( [[#Duncker--2017|Duncker, 2017]] ; [[#Kohlitz--2017|Kohlitz et al., 2017]] ; [[#Venema--2017|Venema and Temmer, 2017]] ) and technological adaptations (Gabert, 2016; [[#van%20Wyk--2017|van Wyk et al., 2017]] ), such as waterless on-site sanitation ( [[#Sutherland--2021|Sutherland et al., 2021]] ), diversification of water sources (e.g., rainwater harvesting ( [[#Lasage--2015|Lasage and Verburg, 2015]] ) and groundwater abstraction ( [[#MacDonald--2012|MacDonald et al., 2012]] )), and sharing of best practices across the continent ( [[#WASH%20Alliance%20International--2015|WASH Alliance International, 2015]] ; [[#Jack--2016|Jack et al., 2016]] ; see also [[#9.7.3|Section 9.7.3]] ; [[IPCC:Wg2:Chapter:Chapter-4|Chapter 4]] [[IPCC:Wg2:Chapter:Chapter-4#4.6.4|Section 4.6.4]] ). Hand hygiene can be improved through the creation of handwashing stations, increased access to soap and simple technologies such as the foot-operated Tippy taps ( [[#Coultas--2020|Coultas and Iyer, 2020]] ; [[#Mbakaya--2020|Mbakaya et al., 2020]] ).

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