Editing IPCC:AR6/WGIII/TS (section)

=== TS.5.9 Mitigation Potential Across Sectors and Systems ===

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'''The total emission mitigation potential achievable by the year 2030, calculated based on sectoral assessments, is sufficient to reduce global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to half of the current (2019) level or less (''' '''''high confidence''''' ''').''' This potential – 31–44 GtCO 2 -eq – requires the implementation of a wide range of mitigation options. Options with mitigation costs lower than USD20 tCO 2 –1 make up more than half of this potential and are available for all sectors. The market benefits of some options exceed their costs. (Figure TS.23) {12.2, Table 12.3}

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'''Figure TS.2''' '''3 |''' '''Overview of emission mitigation options and their cost and potential for the year 2030.''' The mitigation potential of each option is the quantity of net greenhouse gas emission reductions that can be achieved by a given mitigation option relative to specified emission baselines that reflects what would be considered current policies in the period 2015–2019. Mitigation options may overlap or interact and cannot simply be summed together. The potential for each option is broken down into cost categories (see legend). Only monetary costs and revenues are considered. If costs are less than zero, lifetime monetary revenues are higher than lifetime monetary costs. For wind energy, for example, negative cost indicates that the cost is lower than that of fossil-based electricity production. The error bars refer to the total potential for each option. The breakdown into cost categories is subject to uncertainty. Where a smooth colour transition is shown, the breakdown of the potential into cost categories is not well researched, and the colours indicate only into which cost category the potential can predominantly be found in the literature. {Figure SPM.8, 6.4, Table 7.3, Supplementary Material Table 9.SM.2, Supplementary Material Table 9.SM.3, 10.6, 11.4, Figure 11.13, 12.2, Supplementary Material 12.SM.1.2.3}

'''Cross-sectoral considerations in mitigation finance are critical for the effectiveness of mitigation action as well as for balancing the often conflicting social, developmental, and environmental policy goals at the sectoral level (''' '''''medium confidence''''' ''').''' True resource mobilisation plans that properly address mitigation costs and benefits at sectoral level cannot be developed in isolation of their cross-sectoral implications. There is an urgent need for multilateral financing institutions to align their frameworks and delivery mechanisms, including the use of blended financing to facilitate cross-sectoral solutions as opposed to causing competition for resources among sectors ''.'' {12.6.4}

'''Carbon leakage is a cross-sectoral and cross-country consequence of differentiated climate policy (''' '''''robust evidence, medium agreement''''' ''').''' Carbon leakage occurs when mitigation measures implemented in one country/sector leads to increased emissions in other countries/sectors. Global commodity value chains and associated international transport are important mechanisms through which carbon leakage occurs. Reducing emissions from the value chain and transportation can offer opportunities to mitigate three elements of cross-sectoral spillovers and related leakage: (i) domestic cross-sectoral spillovers within the same country; (ii) international spillovers within a single sector resulting from substitution of domestic production of carbon-intensive goods with their imports from abroad; and (iii) international cross-sectoral spillovers among sectors in different countries ''.'' {12.6.3}

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