Editing IPCC:AR6/Data/Glossary (section)

== D ==

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dansgaard-Oeschger_events"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dansgaard-Oeschger events</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Dansgaard-Oeschger events (D-O events)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Millennial-scale events first characterized in Greenland ice cores as abrupt warming from a cold stadial state to a warmer interstadial state, followed by a return to a cold stadial state (Dansgaard et al., 1993), and traced in the ocean via deposits of ice-rafted sand grains (Bond and Lotti, 1995). Named after Willi Dansgaard and Hans Oeschger by Bond and Lotti (1995). An example of a D–O event during the most recent deglacial transition is the Bølling–Allerød interstadial. Warm D–O events in Greenland are associated with cooling events in Antarctica (Blunier and Brook, 2001) through ocean thermohaline circulation (Stocker and Johnsen, 2003).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Data_assimilation"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Data assimilation</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Mathematical method used to combine different sources of information in order to produce the best possible estimate of the state of a system. This information usually consists of observations of the system and a numerical model of the system evolution. Data assimilation techniques are used to create initial conditions for weather forecast models and to construct reanalyses describing the trajectory of the climate system over the time period covered by the observations.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dead_zones"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dead zones</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Extremely hypoxic (i.e., low-oxygen) areas in oceans and lakes, caused by excessive nutrient input from human activities coupled with other factors that deplete the oxygen required to support many marine organisms in bottom and near-bottom water.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decadal_predictability"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decadal predictability</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Refers to the notion of predictability of the climate system on a decadal time scale.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decadal_prediction"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decadal prediction</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A climate prediction on decadal time scales.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decadal_variability"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decadal variability</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Decadal variability refers to climate variability on decadal time scales.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decarbonisation"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decarbonisation</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Human actions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from human activities.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decent_Living_Standard"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decent Living Standard</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A set of minimal material requirements essential for achieving basic human well-being including nutrition, shelter, basic living conditions, clothing, healthcare, education, and mobility (Rao and Baer 2012; Rao and Min 2018; O’Neill et al. 2018).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Decoupling"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Decoupling</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Decoupling (in relation to climate change) is where economic growth is no longer strongly associated with another relevant indicator such as greenhouse gas emissions. Relative decoupling is where both these indicators grow but the other indicators grow more slowly than the economy. Absolute decoupling is where there is economic growth but there is a decline in the other indicator.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Deep_uncertainty"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Deep uncertainty</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A situation of deep uncertainty exists when experts or stakeholders do not know or cannot agree on: (1) appropriate conceptual models that describe relationships among key driving forces in a system, (2) the probability distributions used to represent uncertainty about key variables and parameters and/or (3) how to weigh and value desirable alternative outcomes (Lempert et al., 2003).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Deforestation"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Deforestation</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Conversion of forest to non-forest. [Note: For a discussion of the term forest and related terms such as afforestation, reforestation and deforestation, see the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and their 2019 Refinement, and information provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (IPCC 2006, 2019; UNFCCC 2021a, b).]</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Deglacial_or_deglaciation_or_glacial_termination"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Deglacial or deglaciation or glacial termination</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' The period of transition from glacial conditions at the end of a glacial period to interglacial conditions characterized by a reduction in land ice volume. Gradual changes can be punctuated by abrupt changes linked to stadial /interstadial events and bipolar seesaw aspect. The last deglacial transition occurred between about 18,000 and 11,000 years ago. It encompasses rapid events such as Meltwater Pulse 1A (MWP-1A) and millennial-scale fluctuations such as the Younger Dryas.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Deliberate_transformations"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Deliberate transformations</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A profound shift towards sustainability, envisioned and intended by at least some societal actors, facilitated by changes in individual and collective values and behaviours, and a fairer balance of political, cultural, and institutional power in society.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Deliberative_governance"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Deliberative governance</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Deliberative governance involves decision making through inclusive public conversation which allows opportunity for developing policy options through public discussion rather than collating individual preferences through voting or referenda (although the latter governance mechanisms can also be proceded and legitimated by public deliberation processes).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Demand"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Demand</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Disciplinary approaches use the term in different ways. In economics, demand by a consumer is willingness and ability to purchase in a marketplace. However, the motivation for purchase may vary and can include economic utility, welfare, Decent standard of living (DSL), or for the good/services.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Demand-_and_supply-side_measures"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Demand- and supply-side measures</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Demand-side_measures"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Demand-side measures</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Policies and programmes for influencing the demand for goods and/or services. In the energy sector, demand-side mitigation measures aim at reducing the amount of greenhouse gas emissions emitted per unit of energy service used.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Desertification"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Desertification</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry sub-humid areas resulting from many factors, including climatic variations and human activities (UNCCD, 1994). From Wikipedia Desertification is a type of land degradation in drylands in which biological productivity is lost due to natural processes or induced by human activities whereby fertile areas become arid.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Detection"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Detection</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Detection of change is defined as the process of demonstrating that climate or a system affected by climate has changed in some defined statistical sense, without providing a reason for that change. An identified change is detected in observations if its likelihood of occurrence by chance due to internal variability alone is determined to be small, for example, <10%.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Detection_and_attribution"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Detection and attribution</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' See Attribution and Detection</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Developed_developing_countries"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Developed/developing countries</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Developed/developing countries (Industrialised/developed/developing countries)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' There is a diversity of approaches for categorising countries on the basis of their level of development, and for defining terms such as ‘industrialised’, ‘developed’ or ‘developing’. Several categorisations are used in this report. (1) In the United Nations (UN) system, there is no established convention for the designation of developed and developing countries or areas. (2) The UN Statistics Division specifies developed and developing regions based on common practice. In addition, specific countries are designated as Least Developed Countries, landlocked developing countries, Small Island Developing States (SIDS) and transition economies. Many countries appear in more than one of these categories. (3) The World Bank uses income as the main criterion for classifying countries as low, lower middle, upper middle and high income. (4) The UN Development Programme (UNDP) aggregates indicators for life expectancy, educational attainment and income into a single composite Human Development Index (HDI) to classify countries as low, medium, high or very high human development.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Development_pathways"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Development pathways</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Development pathways evolve as the result of the countless decisions being made and actions being taken at all levels of societal structure, as well due to the emergent dynamics within and between institutions, cultural norms, technological systems and other drivers of behavioural change.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Diatoms"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Diatoms</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Microscopic (2–200 μm) unicellular photosynthetic algae that live in surface waters of lakes, rivers and oceans and form shells of opal. In the global ocean, marine diatom species distribution is primarily driven by nutrient availability. On regional scales, their species distribution in ocean sediment cores can be related to past sea surface temperatures (Abrantes et al., 2013).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Diet"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Diet</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' The kinds of food that follow a particular pattern that a person or community eats (FAO and Alliance of Biodiversity International and CIAT, 2021).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dimensions_of_integration"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dimensions of integration</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' In IPCC AR6, concepts used to synthesize the knowledge of climate change across not just the physical sciences, but also across impacts, adaptation, and mitigation research. The concept of ‘dimensions of integration’ includes (i) emission and c oncentration scenarios underlying the climate change projections assessed in this report, (ii) levels of projected global mean temperature change and (iii) total amounts of cumulative carbon emissions for projections.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Direct_air_capture"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Direct air capture</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Direct air capture (DAC)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Chemical process by which a pure carbon dioxide (CO2) stream is produced by capturing CO2 from the ambient air. From Wikipedia The carbon dioxide (CO2) is captured directly from the ambient air; this is contrast to carbon capture and storage (CCS) which captures CO2 from point sources, such as a cement factory or a bioenergy plant.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Direct_air_carbon_dioxide_capture_and_storage"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Direct air carbon dioxide capture and storage</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Direct air carbon dioxide capture and storage (DACCS)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Chemical process by which carbon dioxide (CO 2) is captured directly from the ambient air, with subsequent storage. Also known as direct air capture and storage (DACS).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Direct_and_indirect_services"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Direct and indirect services</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Direct Services: Services (e.g., passenger mobility) required by end-users (consumers). Indirect services: Services required (e.g., goods transport, manufacturing) for provisioning systems of direct services.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Direct_emissions"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Direct emissions</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Emissions that physically arise from activities within well-defined boundaries of, for instance, a region, an economic sector, a company, or a process.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disaster"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disaster</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A ‘serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society at any scale due to hazardous events interacting with conditions of exposure, vulnerability and capacity, leading to one or more of the following: human, material, economic and environmental losses and impacts’ (UNGA, 2016). From Wikipedia A disaster is a serious problem occurring over a period of time that causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disaster_management"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disaster management</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Social processes for designing, implementing, and evaluating strategies, policies, and measures that promote and improve disaster preparedness, response, and recovery practices at different organisational and societal levels.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disaster_risk"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disaster risk</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' The likelihood over a specified time period of severe alterations in the normal functioning of a community or a society due to hazardous physical events interacting with vulnerable social conditions, leading to widespread adverse human, material, economic, or environmental effects that require immediate emergency response to satisfy critical human needs and that may require external support for recovery.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disaster_risk_management"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disaster risk management</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Disaster risk management (DRM)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Processes for designing, implementing and evaluating strategies, policies and measures to improve the understanding of current and future disaster risk, foster disaster risk reduction and transfer, and promote continuous improvement in disaster preparedness, prevention and protection, response and recovery practices, with the explicit purpose of increasing human security, well-being, quality of life and sustainable development (SD).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disaster_risk_reduction"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disaster risk reduction</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Disaster risk reduction (DRR)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Denotes both a policy goal or objective, and the strategic and instrumental measures employed for anticipating future disaster risk; reducing existing exposure, hazard, or vulnerability; and improving resilience. From Wikipedia Disaster risk reduction (DRR) sometimes called disaster risk management (DRM) is a systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risks of disaster. It aims to reduce socio-economic vulnerabilities to disaster as well as dealing with the environmental and other hazards that trigger them.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Discharge"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Discharge</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Discharge (of ice)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Rate of the flow of ice through a vertical section of a glacier perpendicular to the direction of the flow of ice. Often used to refer to the loss of mass at marine-terminating glacier fronts (mostly calving of icebergs and submarine melt), or to mass flowing across the grounding line of a floating ice shelf.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Discounting"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Discounting</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A mathematical operation that aims to make monetary (or other) amounts received or expended at different times (years) comparable across time. If the discount rate is positive, future values are given less weight than those today. The choice of discount rate(s) is debated as it is a judgement based on hidden and/or explicit values. From Wikipedia In finance, discounting is a mechanism in which a debtor obtains the right to delay payments to a creditor, for a defined period of time, in exchange for a charge or fee.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Disruptive_innovation"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Disruptive innovation</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Demand-led technological change that leads to significant system change and is characterised by strong exponential growth. From Wikipedia</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dissolved_inorganic_carbon"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dissolved inorganic carbon</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' The combined total of different types of non-organic carbon in (seawater) solution, comprising carbonate (CO 3 2–), bicarbonate (HCO 3 –), carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3) and carbon dioxide (CO 2). From Wikipedia Inorganic carbon is found primarily in simple compounds such as carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate, and carbonate (CO2, H2CO3, HCO− 3, CO2− 3 respectively). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) includes three major aqueous species, CO2, HCO− 3,CO2− 3, and to a lesser extent their complexes in solution with metal ions.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Distributive_equity"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Distributive equity</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Equity in the consequences, outcomes, costs and benefits of actions or policies. In the case of climate change or climate policies for different people, places and countries, including equity aspects of sharing burdens and benefits for mitigation and adaptation.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Diurnal_temperature_range"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Diurnal temperature range</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Diurnal temperature range (DTR)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' The difference between the maximum and minimum temperature during a 24-hour period.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dobson_unit"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dobson unit</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Dobson unit (DU)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A unit to measure the total amount of ozone in a vertical column above the Earth’s surface (total column ozone). The number of Dobson units is the thickness in units of 10 -5 m that the ozone column would occupy if compressed into a layer of uniform density at a pressure of 1013 hPa and a temperature of 0°C. One DU corresponds to a column of ozone containing 2.69 × 10 20 molecules per square metre. A typical value for the amount of ozone in a column of the Earth’s atmosphere, although very variable, is 300 DU. From Wikipedia The Dobson unit (DU) is a unit of measurement of the amount of a trace gas in a vertical column through the Earth's atmosphere. It originated, and continues to be primarily used in respect to, atmospheric ozone, whose total column amount, usually termed "total ozone", and sometimes "column abundance", is dominated by the high concentrations of ozone in the stratospheric ozone layer.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Downscaling"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Downscaling</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A method that derives local- to regional-scale information from larger-scale models or data analyses. Two main methods exist: dynamical downscaling and empirical/statistical downscaling. The dynamical method uses the output of regional climate models, global models with variable spatial resolution, or high-resolution global models. The empirical/statistical methods are based on observations and develop statistical relationships that link the large-scale atmospheric variables with local/regional climate variables. In all cases, the quality of the driving model remains an important limitation on the quality of the downscaled information. The two methods can be combined, for example, applying empirical/statistical downscaling to the output of a regional climate model, consisting of a dynamical downscaling of a global climate model.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Drainage"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Drainage</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Artificial lowering of the soil water table (IPCC, 2013).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Driver"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Driver</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' Any natural or human-induced factor that directly or indirectly causes a change in a system (adapted from MA, 2005).</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Drought"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Drought</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI; WGII; WGIII</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' An exceptional period of water shortage for existing ecosystems and the human population (due to low rainfall, high temperature and/or wind). From Wikipedia A drought is a period of drier-than-normal conditions. A drought can last for days, months or years. Drought often has large impacts on the ecosystems and agriculture of affected regions, and causes harm to the local economy.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dynamic_global_vegetation_model"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dynamic global vegetation model</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-longer-term">'''Full term:''' Dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM)</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A model that simulates vegetation development and dynamics through space and time, as driven by climate and other environmental changes. From Wikipedia A Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) is a computer program that simulates shifts in potential vegetation and its associated biogeochemical and hydrological cycles as a response to shifts in climate. DGVMs use time series of climate data and, given constraints of latitude, topography, and soil characteristics, simulate monthly or daily dynamics of ecosystem processes.</div>
</div>

<div class="glossary-entry">
<div id="Dynamical_system"></div>
=== <span class="glossary-term">Dynamical system</span> ===

<div class="glossary-working-groups">'''Working Groups:''' WGI</div>

<div class="glossary-definition">'''Definition:''' A process or set of processes whose evolution in time is governed by a set of deterministic physical laws. The climate system is a dynamical system.</div>
</div>

</div>
<div class="glossary-letter-section">