Editing IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-4 (section)

==== 4.2.5.8 Electrifying Transport ====

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Electrification of transport in tandem with power sector decarbonisation is expected to be a key strategy for deep CO 2 mitigation in many countries. Passenger transport and light duty freight can already be electrified, but electrifying heavy-duty road transport and fuel switching in aviation and shipping are much more difficult and have not been addressed in most of the recent research.

In Germany, widespread electrification of private vehicles is expected by 2030 ( [[#Schmid--2012|Schmid and Knopf 2012]] ) while for the EU-28, 50% overall transport electrification (excluding feedstock) and 75% electrification of road transport is needed to reach net carbon neutrality according to ( [[#Duscha--2019|Duscha et al. 2019]] ). In addition, novel fuels such as hydrogen, synthetic hydrocarbons and sustainable biogenic fuels are needed to decarbonise aviation and water transport to achieve net carbon neutrality ( [[#Duscha--2019|Duscha et al. 2019]] ).

In India, electrification, hydrogen, and biofuels are key to decarbonising the transport sector ( [[#Dhar--2018|Dhar et al. 2018]] ; [[#Mittal--2018|Mittal et al. 2018]] ; [[#Vishwanathan--2018b|Vishwanathan et al. 2018b]] ; [[#Mathur--2020|Mathur and Shekhar 2020]] ). Under a 1.5°C scenario, nearly half of the light-duty passenger vehicle stock needs to be electrified according to ( [[#Parikh--2018|Parikh et al. 2018]] ). In China, a 1.5°C-compatible pathway would require electrification of two-fifths of transport ( [[#Jiang--2018|Jiang et al. 2018]] ; [[#China%20National%20Renewable%20Energy%20Centre--2019|China National Renewable Energy Centre 2019]] ).

Similarly, in Canada, electrification of 59% of light-duty trucks and 23% of heavy-duty trucks are needed as part of overall strategy to reduce CO 2 emissions by 80% by 2050. In addition, hydrogen is expected to play a major role by accounting for nearly one-third of light-duty trucks, 68% of heavy-duty trucks, and 33% of rail by 2050 according to [[#Hammond--2020|Hammond et al. (2020)]] .

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