Editing IPCC:AR6/WGI/Chapter-Atlas (section)

=== Atlas.3.2 Global Ocean ===

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As with the atmosphere, there are several key ocean-related quantities which are relevant for understanding how climate change may impact human and ecological systems and/or key global indicators of change. These include ocean surface temperature and heat content, sea surface height, sea ice cover and thickness, and certain chemical properties such as ocean acidity and oxygen concentration. For example, there is growing awareness of the threat presented by ocean acidification to ecosystem services and its socio-economic consequences are becoming increasingly apparent and quantifiable ( [[#Hurd--2018|Hurd et al., 2018]] ), and SR1.5 ( [[#IPCC--2018c|IPCC, 2018c]] ) noted a significant impact of low levels of global warming on the state of the global oceanic ecosystems and food security. For instance, 70–90% of coral reefs are projected to decline at a warming level of 1.5°C, with larger losses at 2°C.

Thus, because of their importance to coastal populations and infrastructure and ocean ecosystems, the Interactive Atlas focuses on change in sea-surface temperature, sea level and pH. Figure Atlas.1 5 shows projected changes to sea surface temperature (SST) and sea level at the end of the century under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 emissions, demonstrating the much larger changes seen with the higher-emissions scenario. The projected changes in sea level show the significantly greater increases, of up to 1 m locally, under a high-emissions future. Regional details of these projected changes under a range of emissions scenarios and time periods can be explored in the Interactive Atlas. An in-depth assessment of these changes is presented in [[IPCC:Wg1:Chapter:Chapter-5#5.3|Section 5.3]] and Chapter 9.

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[[File:5cfb68dfbb6f5b4be8000c536e1388c7 IPCC_AR6_WGI_Atlas_Figure_15.png]]

'''Figure Atlas.15''' '''|''' '''Projected changes in sea surface temperature (a.b), sea level rise (c,d) for 2081–2100 under SSP1-2.6 (a,c) and SSP5-8.5 (b,d) emissions scenarios compared to a 1995–2014 baseline period from the CMIP6 ensemble.''' For sea surface temperature, diagonal lines indicate regions where 80% of the models do not agree on the sign of the projected changes. Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table Atlas.SM.15).

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