Editing IPCC:AR6/SYR/Longer-Report (section)

==== 4.5.2. Industry ====

<div id="h3-1-siblings" class="h3-siblings"></div>

'''There are several options to reduce industrial emissions that differ by type of industry; many industries are disrupted by climate change, especially from extreme events (''' '''''high confidence).''''' Reducing industry emissions will entail coordinated action throughout value chains to promote all mitigation options, including demand management, energy and materials efficiency, circular material flows, as well as abatement technologies and transformational changes in production processes ( ''high confidence'' ). Light industry and manufacturing can be largely decarbonized through available abatement technologies (e.g., material efficiency, circularity), electrification (e.g., electrothermal heating, heat pumps), and switching to low- and zero-GHG emitting fuels (e.g., hydrogen, ammonia, and bio-based and other synthetic fuels) ( ''high confidence'' ), while deep reduction of cement process emissions will rely on cementitious material substitution and the availability of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) until new chemistries are mastered ( ''high confidence'' ). Reducing emissions from the production and use of chemicals would need to rely on a life cycle approach, including increased plastics recycling, fuel and feedstock switching, and carbon sourced through biogenic sources, and, depending on availability, Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU), direct air CO 2 capture, as well as CCS ( ''high confidence'' ). Action to reduce industry sector emissions may change the location of GHG-intensive industries and the organisation of value chains, with distributional effects on employment and economic structure ( ''medium confidence'' ). { ''WGII TS.B.9.1, WGII 16.5.2; WGIII SPM C.5, WGIII SPM C.5.2, WGIII SPM C.5.3, WGIII TS.5.5'' }

Many industrial and service sectors are negatively affected by climate change through supply and operational disruptions, especially from extreme events ( ''high confidence'' ), and will require adaptation efforts. Water intensive industries (e.g., mining) can undertake measures to reduce water stress, such as water recycling and reuse, using brackish or saline sources, working to improve water use efficiency. However, residual risks will remain, especially at higher levels of warming ( ''medium confidence'' ). { ''WGII TS.B.9.1, WGII16.5.2, WGII 4.6.3'' } ( ''Section 3.2'' )

<div id="4.5.3" class="h3-container"></div>

<span id="cities-settlements-and-infrastructure"></span>