Editing IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-9 (section)

==== 9.5.3.6 Circular and Sharing Economy ====

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The circular and sharing economy begins to be perceived as organisational and technologically innovative, with the potential to provide superior customer value, response to societal trends and positive marketing ( [[#Mercado--2018|Mercado 2018]] ; [[#Cantzler--2020|Cantzler et al. 2020]] ; [[#Nußholz--2020|Nußholz et al. 2020]] ). Although technical and regulatory challenges remain, there are key difficulties around the demonstration of a business case for both consumers and the supply chain ( [[#Pomponi--2017|Pomponi and Moncaster 2017]] ; [[#Hart--2019|Hart et al. 2019]] ).

Government support is needed as an initiator but also to reinforce building retroﬁt targets, promote more stringent energy and material standards for new constructions, and protect consumer interests ( [[#Hongping--2017|Hongping 2017]] ; [[#Fischer--2017|Fischer and Pascucci 2017]] ; Patwa et al. 2020). Taxes clearly incentivise waste reduction and recycling ( [[#Rachel--2011|Rachel and Travis 2011]] ; [[#Ajayi--2015|Ajayi et al. 2015]] ; [[#Volk--2019|Volk et al. 2019]] ). In developing countries, broader, international, market boundaries can allow for a more attractive business model ( [[#Mohit--2020|Mohit et al. 2020]] ). Participative and new ownership models can favour the adoption of prefabricated buildings ( [[#Steinhardt--2016|Steinhardt and Manley 2016]] ). Needs for improvements are observed, in terms of design for flexibility and deconstruction, procurement and prefabrication and off-site construction, standardisation and dimensional coordination, with differences among solutions ( [[#Osmani--2012|Osmani 2012]] ; Coehlo et al.2013; [[#Lu--2013|Lu and Yuan 2013]] ; [[#Cossu--2015|Cossu and Williams 2015]] ; Schiller et al. 2015, 2017; [[#Ajayi--2017|Ajayi et al. 2017]] ; Bakshan et al. 2017).

Although training is a basic requirement, attitude, past experience, and social pressure can also be highly relevant, as illustrated for waste management in a survey to construction site workers ( [[#Amal--2017|Amal et al. 2017]] ). Traditional community practices of reuse of building elements are observed to be replaced by a culture of waste ( [[#Ajayi--2015|Ajayi et al. 2015]] ; [[#Hongping--2017|Hongping 2017]] ).

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