Editing IPCC:AR6/SR15/Chapter-1 (section)

=== 1.1.2 Eradication of Poverty ===

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This report assesses the role of poverty and its eradication in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change and sustainable development. A wide range of definitions for ''poverty'' exist. The AR5 discussed ‘poverty’ in terms of its multidimensionality, referring to ‘material circumstances’ (e.g., needs, patterns of deprivation, or limited resources), as well as to economic conditions (e.g., standard of living, inequality, or economic position), and/or social relationships (e.g., social class, dependency, lack of basic security, exclusion, or lack of entitlement; Olsson et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r40|40]]</sup> . The UNDP now uses a Multidimensional Poverty Index and estimates that about 1.5 billion people globally live in multidimensional poverty, especially in rural areas of South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, with an additional billion at risk of falling into poverty (UNDP, 2016) <sup>[[#fn:r41|41]]</sup> .

A large and rapidly growing body of knowledge explores the connections between climate change and poverty. Climatic variability and climate change are widely recognized as factors that may exacerbate poverty, particularly in countries and regions where poverty levels are high (Leichenko and Silva, 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r42|42]]</sup> . The AR5 noted that climate change-driven impacts often act as a threat multiplier in that the impacts of climate change compound other drivers of poverty (Olsson et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r43|43]]</sup> . Many vulnerable and poor people are dependent on activities such as agriculture that are highly susceptible to temperature increases and variability in precipitation patterns (Shiferaw et al., 2014; Miyan, 2015) <sup>[[#fn:r44|44]]</sup> . Even modest changes in rainfall and temperature patterns can push marginalized people into poverty as they lack the means to recover from associated impacts. Extreme events, such as floods, droughts, and heat waves, especially when they occur in series, can significantly erode poor people’s assets and further undermine their livelihoods in terms of labour productivity, housing, infrastructure and social networks (Olsson et al., 2014) <sup>[[#fn:r45|45]]</sup> .

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