Editing IPCC:AR6/WGI/Chapter-Atlas (section)

==== Atlas.6.1.1 Key Features of the Regional Climate ====

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Australasia is divided into five regions for the Atlas (Figure Atlas.21), as follows: New Zealand (NZ), with a varied climate with diverse landscapes, mainly maritime temperate with four distinct seasons; Northern Australia (NAU), which is mainly tropical with monsoonal summer-dominated rainfall (monsoon season December to March, see Annex V), but with a hot, semi-arid climate in the south of the region; Central Australia (CAU) with a predominantly hot, dry desert climate; Eastern Australia (EAU) with a temperate oceanic climate at the coast to semi-arid inland; and Southern Australia (SAU), which ranges from Mediterranean and semi-arid in the west to mainly cool temperate maritime climate in the south-east. Various remote drivers have notable teleconnections to regions within Australasia, including an effect of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (Table Atlas.1 and Annex IV). Much of southern NZ and SAU are affected by systems within the westerly mid-latitude circulation, in turn affected by the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). The monsoon and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) affect rainfall variability in northern Australia.

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[[File:c79a9dca5752dd2259cd32629a3a280a IPCC_AR6_WGI_Atlas_Figure_21.png]]

'''Figure Atlas.21''' '''|''' '''Regional changes over land in annual mean surface air temperature and precipitation relative to the 1995–2014 baseline for the reference regions in Australasia (warming since the 1850–1900 pre-industrial baseline is also provided as an offset).''' Bar plots in theleft panel of each region triplet show the median (dots) and 10th–90th percentile range (bars) across each model ensemble for annual mean temperature changes for four datasets (CMIP5 in intermediate colours; a subset of CMIP5 used to drive CORDEX in light colours; CORDEX overlying the CMIP5 subset with dashed bars; and CMIP6 in solid colours); the first six groups of bars represent the regional warming over two time periods (near-term 2021–2040 and long-term 2081–2100) for three scenarios (SSP1-2.6/RCP2.6, SSP2-4.5/RCP4.5 and SSP5-8.5/RCP8.5), and the remaining bars correspond to four global warming levels (GWLs: 1.5°C, 2°C, 3°C and 4°C). The scatter diagrams of temperature against precipitation changes display the median (dots) and 10th–90th percentile ranges for the above four warming levels for December–January–February (DJF; middle panel) and June–July–August (JJA; right panel), respectively; for the CMIP5 subset only the percentile range of temperature is shown, and only for 3°C and 4°C GWLs. Changes are absolute for temperature (in °C) and relative (as %) for precipitation. See [[#Atlas.1.3|Atlas.1.3]] for more details on reference regions ( [[#Iturbide--2020|Iturbide et al., 2020]] ) and [[#Atlas.1.4|Atlas.1.4]] for details on model data selection and processing. The script used to generate this figure is available online ( [[#Iturbide--2021|Iturbide et al., 2021]] ) and similar results can be generated in the Interactive Atlas for flexibly defined seasonal periods. Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table Atlas.SM.15).

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