Editing IPCC:AR6/WGII/Chapter-14 (section)

===== KR5: Risk to major terrestrial ecosystems leading to disruptions of species, ecosystems and their services =====

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Major risks to terrestrial ecosystems across North America, such as semiarid landscapes, rangelands, boreal and temperate forests, and Arctic tundra, include significant ecosystem transformations and shifts in species abundances and ranges, and major vegetation types (e.g., transitions from forests to grasslands), with cascading implications for regional biodiversity ( ''very high confidence'' ). Warming increases the risk of permafrost thaw with propagating impacts on species and communities in the Canadian and US Arctic ( ''high confidence'' ) (CCP6). 6Forest disturbances, including wildfire, drought, insects and pathogens, are expected to increase with warming, acting synergistically to raise the prevalence of tree mortality and ecosystem transformation ( ''medium confidence'' ) ( [[#14.5.1|Section 14.5.1]] ). These changes will reduce services provided by terrestrial ecosystems, including timber yields and carbon sequestration ( ''medium confidence'' ).

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