IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-14 - Revision history

Laura at 08:56, 22 May 2026

2026-05-22T08:56:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:56, 22 May 2026
Line 1:		Line 1:
			{{ChapterNavigation
			\| cover = Cover-WGIII.jpg
			\| reporturl = IPCC:AR6/WGIII
			\| reporttitle = WGIII
			\| prevurl = IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-13
			\| nexturl = IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-15
			}}

	<div id="___gatsby"></div>		<div id="___gatsby"></div>

Laura: Laura moved page IPCC:Wg3:Chapter:Chapter-14 to IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-14 without leaving a redirect

2026-05-18T18:31:19Z

Laura moved page IPCC:Wg3:Chapter:Chapter-14 to IPCC:AR6/WGIII/Chapter-14 without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 18:31, 18 May 2026
(No difference)

Laura: #119

2026-05-18T06:06:58Z

#119

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:06, 18 May 2026
Line 775:		Line 775:
	[[File:fa94f77b8fd08d8a1408bd3d8665401a IPCC_AR6_WGIII_CCBox_10_Figure_1.png]]		[[File:fa94f77b8fd08d8a1408bd3d8665401a IPCC_AR6_WGIII_CCBox_10_Figure_1.png]]

	~~'''~~'''Cross-Chapter Box 10, Figure 1 \| Policy impacts on key outcome indices.~~'''~~''' '''The figure shows~~''' '''~~the impacts of policies on~~''' '''~~three indices:~~''' '''~~proximate emission drivers, technologies and GHG emissions, including several lines of evidence on GHG abatement attributable to policies.'''		'''Cross-Chapter Box 10, Figure 1 \| Policy impacts on key outcome indices.''' '''The figure shows the impacts of policies on three indices: proximate emission drivers, technologies and GHG emissions, including several lines of evidence on GHG abatement attributable to policies.'''

	Policies differ in design, scope, and stringency, may change over time as they require amendments or new laws, and often partially overlap with other instruments. Overall, the literature indicates that policy mixes are, theoretically and empirically, more effective in reducing emissions, stimulating innovation, and inducing behavioural change than stand-alone policy instruments (Sections 5.6 and 13.7) ( [[#Rosenow--2017\|Rosenow et al. 2017]] ; [[#Best--2018\|Best and Burke 2018]] ; [[#Sethi--2020\|Sethi et al. 2020]] ). Nevertheless, these factors complicate analysis, because they give rise to the potential for double counting emissions reductions that have been observed, and which separate studies can attribute to different policy instruments.		Policies differ in design, scope, and stringency, may change over time as they require amendments or new laws, and often partially overlap with other instruments. Overall, the literature indicates that policy mixes are, theoretically and empirically, more effective in reducing emissions, stimulating innovation, and inducing behavioural change than stand-alone policy instruments (Sections 5.6 and 13.7) ( [[#Rosenow--2017\|Rosenow et al. 2017]] ; [[#Best--2018\|Best and Burke 2018]] ; [[#Sethi--2020\|Sethi et al. 2020]] ). Nevertheless, these factors complicate analysis, because they give rise to the potential for double counting emissions reductions that have been observed, and which separate studies can attribute to different policy instruments.
Line 992:		Line 992:
	Since AR5, hundreds of climate modelling studies have simulated effects of SRM on climate hazards ( [[#Kravitz--2015\|Kravitz et al. 2015]] ; [[#Tilmes--2018\|Tilmes et al. 2018]] ). Modelling studies have shown SRM has the potential to offset some effects of increasing GHGs on the global and regional climate, including the increase in frequency and intensity of extremes of temperature and precipitation, melting of Arctic sea ice and mountain glaciers, weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, changes in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, and decrease in soil moisture (AR6 WGI, Chapter 4). However, while SRM may be effective in alleviating anthropogenic climate		Since AR5, hundreds of climate modelling studies have simulated effects of SRM on climate hazards ( [[#Kravitz--2015\|Kravitz et al. 2015]] ; [[#Tilmes--2018\|Tilmes et al. 2018]] ). Modelling studies have shown SRM has the potential to offset some effects of increasing GHGs on the global and regional climate, including the increase in frequency and intensity of extremes of temperature and precipitation, melting of Arctic sea ice and mountain glaciers, weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, changes in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, and decrease in soil moisture (AR6 WGI, Chapter 4). However, while SRM may be effective in alleviating anthropogenic climate

	~~'''~~'''Cross-Working Group Box 4, Table 1 \| SRM options and their potential climate and non-climate impacts.~~'''~~''' '''Description, potential climate impacts, potential impacts on human and natural systems, and termination effects of a number of SRM options: stratospheric aerosol interventions (SAI), marine cloud brightening (MCB), ocean albedo change (OAC), ground-based albedo modifications (GBAM), and cirrus cloud thinning (CCT).'''		'''Cross-Working Group Box 4, Table 1 \| SRM options and their potential climate and non-climate impacts.''' '''Description, potential climate impacts, potential impacts on human and natural systems, and termination effects of a number of SRM options: stratospheric aerosol interventions (SAI), marine cloud brightening (MCB), ocean albedo change (OAC), ground-based albedo modifications (GBAM), and cirrus cloud thinning (CCT).'''

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Laura: /* Chapter 14: International cooperation */

2026-05-13T14:32:37Z

Chapter 14: International cooperation

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:32, 13 May 2026
Line 8:		Line 8:
	<div id="chapter-authors"></div>		<div id="chapter-authors"></div>

	Coordinating Lead Authors:		'''Coordinating Lead Authors:'''

	Anthony Patt (Switzerland), Lavanya Rajamani (India)		Anthony Patt (Switzerland), Lavanya Rajamani (India)

	Lead Authors:		'''Lead Authors:'''

	Preety Bhandari (India), Antonina Ivanova Boncheva (Mexico), Alejandro Caparrós (Spain), Kamal Djemouai (Algeria), Izumi Kubota (Japan), Jacqueline Peel (Australia), Agus Pratama Sari (Indonesia), Detlef F. Sprinz (Germany), Jørgen Wettestad (Norway)		Preety Bhandari (India), Antonina Ivanova Boncheva (Mexico), Alejandro Caparrós (Spain), Kamal Djemouai (Algeria), Izumi Kubota (Japan), Jacqueline Peel (Australia), Agus Pratama Sari (Indonesia), Detlef F. Sprinz (Germany), Jørgen Wettestad (Norway)

	Contributing Authors:		'''Contributing Authors:'''

	Mustafa Babiker (Sudan/Saudi Arabia), Govindasamy Bala (India), Christopher Bataille (Canada), Paolo Bertoldi (Italy), Felix Creutzig (Germany), Heleen de Coninck (the Netherlands), Navroz K. Dubash (India), Rachael Garrett (Switzerland/the United States of America), Oliver Geden (Germany), Veronika Ginzburg (the Russian Federation), Michael Grubb (United Kingdom), Erik Haites (Canada), Benjamin Hinder (United Kingdom), Janna Hoppe (Germany), Yong-Gun Kim (Republic of Korea), Katharine J. Mach (the United States of America), Gregory F. Nemet (the United States of America/Canada), Kilian Raiser (Germany), Yamina Saheb (France/Algeria), Sonia I. Seneviratne (Switzerland), Raphael Slade (United Kingdom), Masahiro Sugiyama (Japan), Christopher H. Trisos (South Africa), Maarten van Aalst (the Netherlands), Harro van Asselt (the Netherlands)		Mustafa Babiker (Sudan/Saudi Arabia), Govindasamy Bala (India), Christopher Bataille (Canada), Paolo Bertoldi (Italy), Felix Creutzig (Germany), Heleen de Coninck (the Netherlands), Navroz K. Dubash (India), Rachael Garrett (Switzerland/the United States of America), Oliver Geden (Germany), Veronika Ginzburg (the Russian Federation), Michael Grubb (United Kingdom), Erik Haites (Canada), Benjamin Hinder (United Kingdom), Janna Hoppe (Germany), Yong-Gun Kim (Republic of Korea), Katharine J. Mach (the United States of America), Gregory F. Nemet (the United States of America/Canada), Kilian Raiser (Germany), Yamina Saheb (France/Algeria), Sonia I. Seneviratne (Switzerland), Raphael Slade (United Kingdom), Masahiro Sugiyama (Japan), Christopher H. Trisos (South Africa), Maarten van Aalst (the Netherlands), Harro van Asselt (the Netherlands)

	Review Editors:		'''Review Editors:'''

	Esther Badiola (Spain), Pasha Carruthers (Cook Islands)		Esther Badiola (Spain), Pasha Carruthers (Cook Islands)

	Chapter Scientist:		'''Chapter Scientist:'''

	Zyaad Boodoo (Mauritius)		Zyaad Boodoo (Mauritius)
Line 30:		Line 30:
	<div id="chapter-citation"></div>		<div id="chapter-citation"></div>

	This chapter should be cited as:		'''This chapter should be cited as:'''

	Patt, A., L. Rajamani, P. Bhandari, A. Ivanova Boncheva, A. Caparrós, K. Djemouai, I. Kubota, J. Peel, A.P. Sari, D.F. Sprinz, J. Wettestad, 2022: International cooperation. In IPCC, 2022: Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. doi: 10.1017/9781009157926.016		Patt, A., L. Rajamani, P. Bhandari, A. Ivanova Boncheva, A. Caparrós, K. Djemouai, I. Kubota, J. Peel, A.P. Sari, D.F. Sprinz, J. Wettestad, 2022: International cooperation. In IPCC, 2022: Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, R. Slade, A. Al Khourdajie, R. van Diemen, D. McCollum, M. Pathak, S. Some, P. Vyas, R. Fradera, M. Belkacemi, A. Hasija, G. Lisboa, S. Luz, J. Malley, (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA. doi: 10.1017/9781009157926.016

imported>Design: /* References */

2026-05-11T09:12:37Z

References

Show changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:06, 18 May 2026
Line 775:		Line 775:
	[[File:fa94f77b8fd08d8a1408bd3d8665401a IPCC_AR6_WGIII_CCBox_10_Figure_1.png]]		[[File:fa94f77b8fd08d8a1408bd3d8665401a IPCC_AR6_WGIII_CCBox_10_Figure_1.png]]

	~~'''~~'''Cross-Chapter Box 10, Figure 1 \| Policy impacts on key outcome indices.~~'''~~''' '''The figure shows~~''' '''~~the impacts of policies on~~''' '''~~three indices:~~''' '''~~proximate emission drivers, technologies and GHG emissions, including several lines of evidence on GHG abatement attributable to policies.'''		'''Cross-Chapter Box 10, Figure 1 \| Policy impacts on key outcome indices.''' '''The figure shows the impacts of policies on three indices: proximate emission drivers, technologies and GHG emissions, including several lines of evidence on GHG abatement attributable to policies.'''

	Policies differ in design, scope, and stringency, may change over time as they require amendments or new laws, and often partially overlap with other instruments. Overall, the literature indicates that policy mixes are, theoretically and empirically, more effective in reducing emissions, stimulating innovation, and inducing behavioural change than stand-alone policy instruments (Sections 5.6 and 13.7) ( [[#Rosenow--2017\|Rosenow et al. 2017]] ; [[#Best--2018\|Best and Burke 2018]] ; [[#Sethi--2020\|Sethi et al. 2020]] ). Nevertheless, these factors complicate analysis, because they give rise to the potential for double counting emissions reductions that have been observed, and which separate studies can attribute to different policy instruments.		Policies differ in design, scope, and stringency, may change over time as they require amendments or new laws, and often partially overlap with other instruments. Overall, the literature indicates that policy mixes are, theoretically and empirically, more effective in reducing emissions, stimulating innovation, and inducing behavioural change than stand-alone policy instruments (Sections 5.6 and 13.7) ( [[#Rosenow--2017\|Rosenow et al. 2017]] ; [[#Best--2018\|Best and Burke 2018]] ; [[#Sethi--2020\|Sethi et al. 2020]] ). Nevertheless, these factors complicate analysis, because they give rise to the potential for double counting emissions reductions that have been observed, and which separate studies can attribute to different policy instruments.
Line 992:		Line 992:
	Since AR5, hundreds of climate modelling studies have simulated effects of SRM on climate hazards ( [[#Kravitz--2015\|Kravitz et al. 2015]] ; [[#Tilmes--2018\|Tilmes et al. 2018]] ). Modelling studies have shown SRM has the potential to offset some effects of increasing GHGs on the global and regional climate, including the increase in frequency and intensity of extremes of temperature and precipitation, melting of Arctic sea ice and mountain glaciers, weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, changes in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, and decrease in soil moisture (AR6 WGI, Chapter 4). However, while SRM may be effective in alleviating anthropogenic climate		Since AR5, hundreds of climate modelling studies have simulated effects of SRM on climate hazards ( [[#Kravitz--2015\|Kravitz et al. 2015]] ; [[#Tilmes--2018\|Tilmes et al. 2018]] ). Modelling studies have shown SRM has the potential to offset some effects of increasing GHGs on the global and regional climate, including the increase in frequency and intensity of extremes of temperature and precipitation, melting of Arctic sea ice and mountain glaciers, weakening of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, changes in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, and decrease in soil moisture (AR6 WGI, Chapter 4). However, while SRM may be effective in alleviating anthropogenic climate

	~~'''~~'''Cross-Working Group Box 4, Table 1 \| SRM options and their potential climate and non-climate impacts.~~'''~~''' '''Description, potential climate impacts, potential impacts on human and natural systems, and termination effects of a number of SRM options: stratospheric aerosol interventions (SAI), marine cloud brightening (MCB), ocean albedo change (OAC), ground-based albedo modifications (GBAM), and cirrus cloud thinning (CCT).'''		'''Cross-Working Group Box 4, Table 1 \| SRM options and their potential climate and non-climate impacts.''' '''Description, potential climate impacts, potential impacts on human and natural systems, and termination effects of a number of SRM options: stratospheric aerosol interventions (SAI), marine cloud brightening (MCB), ocean albedo change (OAC), ground-based albedo modifications (GBAM), and cirrus cloud thinning (CCT).'''

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"